What factors may contribute to the perpetration of domestic violence?

The answer that highlights substance abuse, mental health issues, and societal norms as factors contributing to the perpetration of domestic violence is accurate because these elements have been widely researched and recognized in the field of domestic violence prevention and intervention.

Substance abuse, such as alcohol or drug addiction, often plays a significant role in domestic violence incidents. It can impair judgment, escalate aggression, and reduce impulse control, leading individuals to act violently toward their intimate partners. Mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, and personality disorders, can also contribute to an individual's propensity for violence. These conditions may exacerbate feelings of frustration or helplessness, potentially resulting in abusive behavior.

Societal norms surrounding violence, masculinity, or control can further perpetuate domestic violence. In environments where aggression is normalized or seen as a sign of strength, behaviors that contribute to domestic violence are more likely to occur.

The other options do not align with the established risk factors for domestic violence. Positive familial relationships and stability typically create a supportive environment, reducing the likelihood of violence. A lack of societal engagement and community involvement, while showing signs of isolation, does not directly correlate with an increased risk of perpetrating violence. Similarly, strict adherence to cultural traditions might lead to both positive and negative